[ 導讀 ] 6月26 日消息，據外媒computer world報道，英特爾研究人員正深入研究，若改變司機猛沖下行時時的思考方式可能使交通更安全。該公司試圖使用大腦掃描技術（稱為功能性近紅外光譜）試圖區分什么時候司機在專注開車，什么時候在想其他事情。

　　6月26 日消息，據外媒computer world報道，英特爾研究人員正深入研究，若改變司機猛沖下行時時的思考方式可能使交通更安全。該公司試圖使用大腦掃描技術（稱為功能性近紅外光譜）試圖區分什么時候司機在專注開車，什么時候在想其他事情。

　　英特爾公司6月25日在舊金山演示，這項技術是如何測量司機大腦活動。通過讓司機導航虛擬式賽車跑道，進行每小時50英里和每小時250英里測試。紅外線傳感器放入司機的帽子里來感應司機大腦頭皮2厘米處的活動。通過測量兩個司機的差異，研究人員就可以分辨他們開車時注意力集中程度。當速度達到最高時，注意力集中程度高；減速時，注意力集中程度低。該信息可能有一天被送入汽車的電腦，通過調整環境的控制，以使司機更加警覺，或者或多或少的增加對安全設施的控制，如自動剎車或車道控制。

　　英特爾的研究最初集中在汽車，但它超越了高速公路。

　　在舊金山的演示中，英特爾展示了第二個研究項目，可以幫助削減道路交通事故。國立臺灣大學正在做這項工作，旨在提供車和車之間的交流方式，比如使用LED剎車燈。

　　研究人員使用一臺筆記本電腦來調節尾燈， 所以它可以對展示車輛的行駛狀態時的數據。

　　英特爾的演示用一板車，這是臺灣的街道上隨處可見。每次剎車或當指示燈開啟或關閉時，摩托車后部LED燈就會發出警告。在運動中，該系統還可以傳輸摩托車當前的速度。（元器件交易網董蕾 譯）

　　外媒原文如下：

　　Intel explores brain scanning to make roads safer

　　IDG News Service - Researchers at Intel are hoping a little insight into the way drivers think as they hurtle down the highway can be harnessed to make roads safer.

　　The company is using a brain scanning technique called functional near infrared spectroscopy to attempt to differentiate between those times when a driver is focused on the road ahead and when his or her thoughts are occupied with other things.

　　"We"re trying to understand people better, what they"re thinking, what they"re feeling," said Paul Crawford, a senior research scientist at Intel Labs who is working on the project at the company"s Silicon Valley research center. He said the research builds on the sizeable amount of work that has already been done on how people interact wit[FS:PAGE]h computers and machines such as cars.

　　"We want to understand cognitive workload, how hard someone is having to work to do something," he said.

　　In a demonstration in San Francisco on Tuesday, the company showed how it is measuring the brain activity of a driver sitting at a simulator. The driver is navigating a virtual Formula One car around a racetrack at 50 miles per hour in one test, and at more than 250 mph in another test.

　　(See video of the demonstration on YouTube.)

　　Infrared sensors fitted to a cap over the driver"s head sensed activity in the outermost 2 centimeters of the driver"s brain. By measuring differences between the two drives, researchers start to be able to tell the difference between intense concentration when the race car is being driven at top speed and the much-reduced amount needed at lower speeds.

　　"When you"re driving, sometimes you"re looking at the road and paying attention, and sometimes you"re looking at the road and you"re not paying attention. There are some subtle differences there that I hope, and I hypothesize, we can tease out," said Crawford.

　　That information could one day be fed into a car"s computer, which might make adjustments to the environmental controls to keep the driver more alert, or give more or less control to safety features such as automatic braking or lane control.

　　"With that information, we can say "maybe they need some additional stimulation, maybe we [change the radio station], maybe we dial up or down the amount of control, maybe we pull you off the car in front of you a little bit," he said.

　　Road-related injuries are the eighth-leading cause of death in the world and the number-one killer of people between 15 and 29 years of age, according to the World Health Organization. Road accidents killed about 1.24 million people in 2010, the latest year for which global figures are available.

　　Intel"s research is initially focused on cars, but it goes beyond the highway.

　　"[FS:PAGE]We"re leading with cars because it"s a well-controlled area that we can do some laboratory research around," said Crawford. "A lot of us get paid to work with our brains, and we want it to be as efficient as possible, so there"s all sorts of enterprise-level applications of this, and some consumer-level applications."

　　At the San Francisco event, Intel also showed a second research project that could help cut road accidents.

　　That work, being done with the National Taiwan University, seeks to provide vehicle-to-vehicle communications using something already found on many vehicles: LED brake lights.

　　The researchers are using a laptop computer to modulate the light from the rear lights so it can carry data about the state of the vehicle.

　　Intel"s demonstration used a pair of scooters, which are ubiquitous on the streets of Taiwan. The rear LED light of the front scooter carried an alert each time the brakes were applied or the turn indicators were switched on or off. In motion, the system can also transmit the current speed of the scooter.

　　A rider on a rear scooter would see an alert on his or her dashboard when the scooter in front is slowing down, speeding up, turning or stopping. In the demo, the modulated light signals were received by a camera mounted on the front of the bike and were displayed via a phone app.

　　The idea, said Hao Min Lin, a Ph.D. student at the National Taiwan University and one of the team working on the project, is that the extra information would give riders a fraction of a second more time to react. By knowing the scooter in front is slowing, for example, riders would be able to begin adjusting their speed before the brake lights come on.

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